Complete NCERT Maths Textbook Class 12 PDF Download

If you’re preparing for the Class 12 Maths board exam or aiming for entrances like JEE, CUET or NDA, the NCERT Maths book is the one resource you simply can’t skip. It explains every chapter in a clear, straightforward way, helping you actually understand the concepts instead of just memorising formulas.

The Class 12 NCERT Maths PDF follows the latest CBSE syllabus, and even many state-board schools now prefer NCERT Exemplar and books because they make learning easier and scoring higher.

Below, you’ll find the complete Part 1 & Part 2 PDFs, along with chapter-wise downloads for quick access.

NCERT Maths Book Class 12 Part 1: Chapter-wise PDF

You can download NCERT Maths book class 12 PDF chapterwise list. You can access and download the free PDF class 12 Math NCERT book in Hindi from the official NCERT website.

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NCERT Math Class 12 Book Part-I PDF

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NCERT Class 12 Maths Book Part 2: Chapter-wise PDF

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NCERT Class 12 Math Book Part-II PDF

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‍Important Topics In NCERT Mathematics Textbook Class 12:

PART 1:

1. Relations and Functions

• Types of relations (reflexive, symmetric, transitive): Defining properties of relations and examples.
• Equivalence relations and partitions: Concept of equivalence relation, equivalence classes, and partitioning of sets.
• Types of functions and Inverse of a function: One-one, onto, bijective functions, and the process of finding the inverse of a given function.

2. Inverse Trigonometric

• Definition and graphs of inverse trigonometric functions: definition inverse trigonometric ratios, their principal values, and graphical representations.
• Properties of inverse trigonometric functions: Domain, range, and fundamental properties of inverse trigonometric functions.
• Applications of inverse trigonometric functions:  Using inverse trigonometric functions in height/distance problems and other practical situations.

3. Matrices

• Types of matrices: Square, row, column, diagonal matrices with examples.
• Operations on matrices:  Rules for addition, subtraction, scalar multiplication, and multiplication of matrices.
• Inverse of a matrix and Solution of system of linear equations using matrices:  Concept of matrix inverse, and using matrices to solve systems of linear equations.

4. Determinants

• Definition and properties of determinants: Defining determinants, basic properties like product rule, transpose rule, etc.
• Minors and cofactors: Calculating determinants using minors, cofactors, and expansion methods.
• Applications of determinants: Using determinants to find areas, volumes, and solving systems of equations.

5. Continuity

• Continuity of a function at a point: Defining continuity using limits, types of discontinuities with examples.
• Types of discontinuities: Removable, non-removable (jump, infinite) discontinuities with graphs.
• Continuity of algebraic and trigonometric functions: Continuity behaviour of polynomial, rational, exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric functions.

6. Application of Derivatives

• Rate of change (increasing/decreasing functions): Using derivatives to determine the rate of change of a function and identify increasing/decreasing intervals by analyzing the sign of the derivative.
• Maxima and minima of functions:  Defining and finding local/global maxima and minima of functions using first and second derivative tests. Solving optimization problems.
• Applications of derivatives in practical situations: Applying derivatives to real-world problems involving rates of change, optimization, profit/cost analysis, motion along curves, etc.

PART 2:

1. Integrals

• Integration as the reverse process of differentiation: Fundamental theorem of calculus, indefinite integrals as antiderivatives.
• Methods of integration: Substitution, by parts, partial fractions with examples.
• Properties and applications of definite integrals: Properties, interpretation as area, applications in finding areas/volumes.

2. Applications of Integrals

• Area under simple curves: Calculating areas under polynomial, trigonometric, exponential, logarithmic curves.
• Volume of solids of revolution:  Disk, washer, and shell methods for finding volumes.
• Applications in practical situations: Using integration to solve related problems.

3. Differential Equations

• Formation of differential equations: Converting practical situations into differential equation form.
• Solution of first-order differential equations: Solving separable, linear, exact differential equations using integration.
• Applications of differential equations: Modelling real-life problems using differential equations.

4. Vector Algebra

• Definition and notation of vectors: Representing vectors, position vectors, scalar/vector products.
• Types of vectors: Unit, zero, coplanar, collinear vectors with examples.
• Operations on vectors: Vector addition, subtraction, scalar multiplication and their properties.

5. Three Dimensional Geometry

• Direction cosines and direction ratios: Defining for a line, relation to angles made with axes.
• Equation of a line and a plane: Different forms of equations using direction ratios/normal vector.
• Angle between two lines, a line and a plane: Using vectors to find angles between geometric entities.

6. Linear Programming

• Introduction to linear programming problems: Defining LPP, objective function, constraints, feasible regions.
• Graphical method of solving LPP: Solving LPP involving two variables graphically.
• Applications of linear programming: Modelling and solving LPP problems from various disciplines.

7. Probability

• Probability of an event: Modeling and solving LPP problems from various disciplines.
• Conditional probability and Bayes' theorem: Concept, multiplication rule, Bayes' Theorem with examples.
• Random variables and probability distributions: Discrete, continuous random variables, probability distributions.

Importance Of 12th NCERT Mathematics PDF

For the overall growth of a student, Class 12 NCERT Mathematics book is essential in the academic curriculum. These books are designed to help students learn in a structured and organized manner. The NCERT books are authored by the experts and after the rigorous editing process, the books get published for the academic journey. The name NCERT itself is sufficient, but in the section below you can find a few reasons to understand why NCERT books are an integral part of exam preparations.

• NCERT books are considered as the bible for strengthening the foundation for any subject. For exam preparations and course content, books are the number 1 preference for students.
• To have the subject proficiency with clear concepts and examples, the book is the base for preparing for a higher level of education.
• The books are cost-efficient.
• The book provides a large coverage of chapter explanations with practical exercises that help in improving literary and language skills. 

And it's not just limited to Math – plan your Physics and Chemistry exams smoothly with Class12 NCERT Physics Exemplar NCERT and Class12 NCERT Chemistry Exemplar as questions are being directly asked from them in the exams.

How to Prepare for Class 12 Maths Using NCERT?

Preparing for Class 12 Mathematics becomes much easier when you follow a systematic approach using the Mathematics Class 12 NCERT book. You can follow this step-by-step guide to help you score well in your board and competitive exams:

Step 1: Understand the Theory

Before attempting the exercises, make sure you thoroughly understand each concept from the textbook. Read the theory carefully and relate it to real-life examples or visual interpretations wherever possible.

Step 2: Solve All Examples

Never skip the solved examples in the NCERT book. These examples are carefully designed to cover conceptual depth and expose you to different types of questions that can appear in exams.

Step 3: Attempt Exercise Questions 

After going through the examples, practice every question from the exercises at the end of each chapter. Many board exam questions are directly based on NCERT exercises, so mastering them gives you a strong advantage.

Step 4: Revise Formulas Daily 

Mathematics is all about remembering and applying formulas accurately. Keep a dedicated notebook for important formulas especially for derivatives, integrals and trigonometric identities and revise them regularly.

Step 5: Solve Previous Year Papers 

Go through at least the last five years’ CBSE Maths question papers. This helps you understand the exam pattern, identify recurring question types and manage your time more effectively during the exam.

Step 6: Use NCERT Exemplar 

Once you’re confident with the main textbook, move on to the NCERT Exemplar problems. The Exemplar book contains higher-order and conceptual questions that are particularly useful for competitive exams like JEE and CUET.

Additional Resources

• NCERT Exemplar Mathematics Class 12 PDF: For advanced conceptual problems.
• CBSE Sample Papers 2025 for Class 12 Maths: To understand latest paper patterns.
• Previous Year Question Papers: Helps in identifying recurring concepts.

FAQs

Q1. What does the NCERT Class 12 Maths textbook PDF include?

Ans. The NCERT Class 12 Maths PDF contains all chapters from the latest CBSE syllabus, including Relations & Functions, Integrals, Differential Equations, Probability, and more. It includes solved examples and exercise questions designed to build conceptual clarity.

Q2. Is the NCERT Maths Class 12 PDF the latest updated edition for 2025–26?

Ans. Yes, the PDF follows the latest NCERT and CBSE updates for the 2025–26 academic year. All content, diagrams, solved examples, and exercises match the current exam pattern and revised syllabus.

Q3. Is NCERT enough for scoring well in Class 12 Maths board exams?

Ans. Yes. NCERT is the most important book for CBSE Boards, as almost all board questions are directly or indirectly based on it. Once you master NCERT, you can use sample papers or reference books only for extra practice.

Q4. Is the NCERT Maths Class 12 book available for free PDF download?

Ans. Yes. Students can download the Class 12 Maths NCERT PDF for free from the official NCERT website or trusted educational resources like Educart. It is fully safe, accessible, and ideal for both online and offline study.

Q5. How can I use the Class 12 Maths NCERT PDF effectively for exam preparation?

Ans. Start by understanding each concept, then solve all in-text examples before moving to exercise questions. Maintain a formula notebook, revise step-wise solutions, and practise previous-year papers alongside the book for stronger exam readiness.