NCERT Class 12 Biology Exemplar PDF with Solutions

NCERT Biology Class 12 Exemplar works as a support tool for students who find any kind of difficulty in understanding concepts and diagrams. The exemplar help them move past rote learning and really understand the concepts in Biology in a more meaningful way.

The NCERT Exemplar for Class 12 Biology follows the CBSE exam pattern and focuses on application and reasoning-based questions. It improves concept clarity and makes students ready for exams, with chapter-wise PDFs, solved questions, and a simple way to use it well.

Download Class 12 NCERT Exemplar Biology PDF

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Check the updated CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus for revised chapters, unit-wise weightage, and latest exam pattern for 2026-27.

NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Biology Overview

The NCERT Biology Exemplar for Class 12 supports NCERT Biology textbook understanding by providing deeper understanding of the concepts. So, the textbook forms the base and the exemplar makes it stronger. 

The exemplar focuses on key topics like Genetics, Human Physiology, Biotechnology and Ecology, based on the CBSE curriculum for 2026-27. This helps students prepare confidently for both boards and competitive exams. 

Important Highlights: Class 12 Biology Exemplar 

• A blend of MCQs with assertion-reasoning, case-based and descriptive questions for different practice. 
• More focus on clarity of concepts through diagram-based learning solutions.
• Full coverage of important concepts across all chapters in Biology textbook. 
• Useful for better preparation for both CBSE board exams and competitive exams. 

NCERT Biology Exemplar vs Biology Textbook

The table below helps understand the difference between NCERT Biology Exemplar and the NCERT Biology Textbook, so you can see how the exemplar adds to deeper understanding of the concepts. 

Explore chapter-wise PDFs from NCERT Books Class 12 Biology for detailed theory, diagrams, and important concepts.

Chapter-wise Biology Exemplar Questions 

The NCERT Class 12 Biology exemplar focuses on providing more practice of the important concepts and processes understood from Biology textbook. Here are some sample questions to better know about Biology exemplar: 

Chapter 1: Reproduction in Organisms

Q1. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

1. Variation is more common in sexual reproduction
2. Sexual reproduction involves fusion of gametes
3. Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical offspring
4. Offspring in sexual reproduction are always identical to parents

Answer: D

Q2. Organisms reproducing by fragmentation include:

1. Hydra
2. Spirogyra
3. Yeast
4. Amoeba

Answer: B

Chapter 2: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Q1. Double fertilization involves:

1. One male gamete
2. Two female gametes
3. Two male gametes
4. Three male gametes

Answer: C

Q2. The structure that develops into fruit is:

1. Ovary
2. Endosperm 
3. Embryo sac
4. Ovule 

Answer: A

Chapter 3: Human Reproduction

Q1. Which hormone is responsible for ovulation?

1. LH
2. FSH
3. Progesterone
4. Estrogen

Answer: A

Q2. Capacitation of sperm occurs in:

1. Epididymis
2. Testis
3. Vas deferens
4. Female reproductive tract 

Answer: D

Chapter 4: Reproductive Health

Q1. MTP is generally considered safe during:

1. First trimester
2. Second trimester
3. Third trimester
4. After birth

Answer: A

Q2. Which contraceptive method prevents implantation?

1. Oral pills
2. Condoms
3. Vasectomy
4. IUDs

Answer: D

Chapter 5: Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Q1. Incomplete dominance results in:

1. One phenotype
2. Two phenotypes
3. Three phenotypes
4. Four phenotypes

Answer: C

Q2. A cross AaBb × AaBb produces how many phenotypes?

1. 2
2. 9
3. 4
4. 16

Answer: C

Chapter 6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Q1. Which enzyme synthesizes RNA primer?

1. Ligase
2. DNA polymerase
3. Primase 
4. Helicare 

Answer: C

Q2. The lagging strand is synthesized:

1. Discontinuously
2. Continuously
3. Randomly
4. Bidirectionally

Answer: A

Chapter 7: Evolution

Q1. Analogous organs are a result of:

1. Divergent evolution
2. Convergent evolution
3. Adaptive radiation
4. Mutation

Answer: B

Q2. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is disturbed by:

1. Large population
2. Random mating
3. Gene migration
4. No mutation

Answer: C

Chapter 8: Human Health and Disease

Q1. Interferons are produced in response to:

1. Bacteria
2. Viruses
3. Protozoa
4. Fungi

Answer: B

Q2. Which cell type is affected by HIV?

1. RBC
2. B lymphocytes
3. Platelets
4. T helper cells

Answer: D

Chapter 9: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

Q1. Hybrid vigor is known as:

1. Selection
2. Heterosis
3. Inbreeding
4. Mutation

Answer: B

Q2. Which organism is used in single-cell protein?

1. Rhizobium
2. Lactobacillus
3. Penicillium
4. Spirulina

Answer: D

Chapter 10: Microbes in Human Welfare

Q1. Methanogens are found in:

1. Soil
2. Rumen
3. Water
4. Air

Answer: B

Q2. Antibiotics are effective against:

1. Viruses
2. Bacteria
3. Algae
4. Protozoa

Answer: B

Chapter 11: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes

Q1. Restriction enzymes cut DNA at:

1. Specific sequences
2. Random sites
3. Stop codon
4. Start codon

Answer: A

Q2. Vector used in gene cloning:

1. Ribosome
2. Plasmid
3. mRNA
4. tRNA

Answer: B

Chapter 12: Biotechnology and its Applications

Q1. Golden rice is rich in:

1. Iron
2. Vitamin A
3. Protein
4. Vitamin C

Answer: B

Q2. RNA interference is used to:

1. Increase gene expression
2. Replicate DNA
3. Silence gene expression
4. Repair genes

Answer: C

Chapter 13: Organisms and Populations

Q1. Competition leads to:

1.  Cooperation
2. Extinction
3. Mutualism
4. Parasitism

Answer: B

Q2. Logistic growth occurs when:

1. Resources are unlimited
2. Carrying capacity exists
3. No competition
4. No death rate

Answer: B

Chapter 14: Ecosystem

Q1. 10% law is related to:

1. Population growth
2. Energy transfer
3. Evolution
4. Mutation

Answer: B

Q2. Pyramid of energy is always:

1. Circular
2. Linear
3. Upright
4. Inverted

Answer: C

Chapter 15: Biodiversity and Conservation

Q1. Red Data Book contains:

1. Economic data
2. Endangered species
3. Climate data
4. Soil data

Answer: B

Q2. Endemic species are:

1. Found everywhere
2. Restricted to a region
3. Migratory
4. Extinct

Answer: B

Chapter 16: Environmental Issues

Q1. Eutrophication is caused by:

1. Noise pollution
2. Air pollution
3. Radiation
4. Nutrient enrichment

Answer: D

Q2. Biomagnification affects:

1. Producers
2. Top consumers
3. Decomposers
4. All equally

Answer: B

Chapter-wise Biology Exemplar Questions 

The NCERT Class 12 Biology exemplar focuses on providing more practice of the important concepts and processes understood from Biology textbook. Here are some sample questions to better know about Biology exemplar: 

Chapter 1: Reproduction in Organisms

Q1. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

1. Variation is more common in sexual reproduction
2. Sexual reproduction involves fusion of gametes
3. Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical offspring
4. Offspring in sexual reproduction are always identical to parents

Answer: D

Q2. Organisms reproducing by fragmentation include:

1. Hydra
2. Spirogyra
3. Yeast
4. Amoeba

Answer: B

Chapter 2: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Q1. Double fertilization involves:

1. One male gamete
2. Two female gametes
3. Two male gametes
4. Three male gametes

Answer: C

Q2. The structure that develops into fruit is:

1. Ovary
2. Endosperm 
3. Embryo sac
4. Ovule 

Answer: A

Chapter 3: Human Reproduction

Q1. Which hormone is responsible for ovulation?

1. LH
2. FSH
3. Progesterone
4. Estrogen

Answer: A

Q2. Capacitation of sperm occurs in:

1. Epididymis
2. Testis
3. Vas deferens
4. Female reproductive tract 

Answer: D

Chapter 4: Reproductive Health

Q1. MTP is generally considered safe during:

1. First trimester
2. Second trimester
3. Third trimester
4. After birth

Answer: A

Q2. Which contraceptive method prevents implantation?

1. Oral pills
2. Condoms
3. Vasectomy
4. IUDs

Answer: D

Chapter 5: Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Q1. Incomplete dominance results in:

1. One phenotype
2. Two phenotypes
3. Three phenotypes
4. Four phenotypes

Answer: C

Q2. A cross AaBb × AaBb produces how many phenotypes?

1. 2
2. 9
3. 4
4. 16

Answer: C

Chapter 6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Q1. Which enzyme synthesizes RNA primer?

1. Ligase
2. DNA polymerase
3. Primase 
4. Helicare 

Answer: C

Q2. The lagging strand is synthesized:

1. Discontinuously
2. Continuously
3. Randomly
4. Bidirectionally

Answer: A

Chapter 7: Evolution

Q1. Analogous organs are a result of:

1. Divergent evolution
2. Convergent evolution
3. Adaptive radiation
4. Mutation

Answer: B

Q2. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is disturbed by:

1. Large population
2. Random mating
3. Gene migration
4. No mutation

Answer: C

Chapter 8: Human Health and Disease

Q1. Interferons are produced in response to:

1. Bacteria
2. Viruses
3. Protozoa
4. Fungi

Answer: B

Q2. Which cell type is affected by HIV?

1. RBC
2. B lymphocytes
3. Platelets
4. T helper cells

Answer: D

Chapter 9: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

Q1. Hybrid vigor is known as:

1. Selection
2. Heterosis
3. Inbreeding
4. Mutation

Answer: B

Q2. Which organism is used in single-cell protein?

1. Rhizobium
2. Lactobacillus
3. Penicillium
4. Spirulina

Answer: D

Chapter 10: Microbes in Human Welfare

Q1. Methanogens are found in:

1. Soil
2. Rumen
3. Water
4. Air

Answer: B

Q2. Antibiotics are effective against:

1. Viruses
2. Bacteria
3. Algae
4. Protozoa

Answer: B

Chapter 11: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes

Q1. Restriction enzymes cut DNA at:

1. Specific sequences
2. Random sites
3. Stop codon
4. Start codon

Answer: A

Q2. Vector used in gene cloning:

1. Ribosome
2. Plasmid
3. mRNA
4. tRNA

Answer: B

Chapter 12: Biotechnology and its Applications

Q1. Golden rice is rich in:

1. Iron
2. Vitamin A
3. Protein
4. Vitamin C

Answer: B

Q2. RNA interference is used to:

1. Increase gene expression
2. Replicate DNA
3. Silence gene expression
4. Repair genes

Answer: C

Chapter 13: Organisms and Populations

Q1. Competition leads to:

1.  Cooperation
2. Extinction
3. Mutualism
4. Parasitism

Answer: B

Q2. Logistic growth occurs when:

1. Resources are unlimited
2. Carrying capacity exists
3. No competition
4. No death rate

Answer: B

Chapter 14: Ecosystem

Q1. 10% law is related to:

1. Population growth
2. Energy transfer
3. Evolution
4. Mutation

Answer: B

Q2. Pyramid of energy is always:

1. Circular
2. Linear
3. Upright
4. Inverted

Answer: C

Chapter 15: Biodiversity and Conservation

Q1. Red Data Book contains:

1. Economic data
2. Endangered species
3. Climate data
4. Soil data

Answer: B

Q2. Endemic species are:

1. Found everywhere
2. Restricted to a region
3. Migratory
4. Extinct

Answer: B

Chapter 16: Environmental Issues

Q1. Eutrophication is caused by:

1. Noise pollution
2. Air pollution
3. Radiation
4. Nutrient enrichment

Answer: D

Q2. Biomagnification affects:

1. Producers
2. Top consumers
3. Decomposers
4. All equally

Answer: B

How to Best Use of Biology NCERT Exemplar

The NCERT Exemplar for Biology works best when used as a practice tool for additional practice after completing NCERT Biology textbook. Practicing with Biology exemplar is about strengthening concepts in an organised manner and improving understanding and application of Biology. 

• Start only when concepts from NCERT textbooks have been studied well. 
• Focus on one chapter at a time. Do not try to solve everything in a single sitting. This increases clarity and strengthens concepts one by one. 
• Keep NCERT Biology textbook next to you while solving exemplar questions. If you are stuck somewhere, the textbook will help you quickly revise the related topic. 
• While  practicing, mark the questions that feel challenging, and come back to them once done with the easy questions. 
• Use the questions answered wrong as a sign showing which concepts need more revision. 
• Questions requiring long and reasoning-based answers should be answered in steps for a more clear and organised presentation of the concept. 
• Practice answer writing with diagrams wherever important as Biology concepts are best explained with diagrams. 
• Read all the options carefully to eliminate the wrong options and find the correct one. 
• Build connection between the question asked and the concept it is related to by thinking in depth about what all you have studied in that concept. 
• Improve speed of recalling concepts by answering the questions in your head first and not directly picking up the notes.
• After completing practice from the exemplar, go back only to those questions answered wrong to know your weak points. This will save time as you will not be going through all the questions and only working on those which require little more understanding.  
• While revising from exemplar, mix questions and concepts from different chapters to train your brain to move between topics quickly, just like in exams. 

Revise important diagrams, terminology, and concepts quickly with chapter-wise Class 12 Biology Notes for effective board exam preparation.

More Class 12 Resources

NCERT Books Class 12

CBSE Class 12 Syllabus

CBSE Class 12 Sample Papers

CBSE Class 12 Question Bank

CBSE Class 12 Previous Year Papers

CBSE Class 12 Important Questions

FAQs

Q1. Is NCERT Exemplar Biology also helpful for NEET preparation?

Ans. Yes, NCERT Biology textbook sets the foundation and the exemplar Biology contributes to it, making it complete to begin NEET preparation with.

Q2. Which chapters are most important for conceptual understanding in NCERT Biology Exemplar?

Ans. Important chapters in Biology exemplar include Genetics, Biotechnology, Evolution, Human Physiology, and Ecology.

Q3. How does the Biology Exemplar help the weak students? 

Ans. NCERT Biology Exemplar contributes to the improvement in understanding of weak students by providing them with extra questions to practice. It also encourages students to think logically instead of memorising answers, which gradually builds confidence and accuracy in exams.

Q4. Is the NCERT Class 12 Biology Exemplar available to download online?

Ans. Yes, the NCERT Exemplar for Biology is available, both chapter-wise and complete book. Students can download it from the article above. 

Q5. Why is it important to solve the NCERT Exemplar for Class 12 Biology ?

Ans. NCERT Exemplar adds to the concepts understood from NCERT Biology textbook and so it makes it important to solve Biology Exemplar. Moreover, it helps students to understand how concepts are asked in different ways, making students familiar with the pattern of the exam.