Gymnosperms are mostly evergreen, woody plants that do not shed all their leaves at once. They are often found in cold, hilly, or temperate regions and are easily recognized by their tall structure and needle-like leaves. Unlike flowering plants, gymnosperms do not produce flowers or fruits. Instead, they have cones that carry their seeds, which are exposed or “naked.”

Common Examples of Gymnosperms

1. Pine – Tall evergreen tree with needle-like leaves; used for timber and resin.
2. Cycas – A slow-growing plant often seen in gardens; looks like a palm but is a gymnosperm.
3. Deodar – A type of cedar tree; sacred in India and valued for its wood.
4. Spruce – A conifer with a pyramid shape; commonly used for making paper and as Christmas trees.
5. Fir – Evergreen conifers with flat needles; also used as ornamental and timber plants.

Key Features of Gymnosperms

• Seeds are naked (not enclosed in fruits).
• Most are tall, woody, and evergreen.
• Have cones instead of flowers.
• Adapted to survive in cold or dry conditions.