1. Groups that bear archegonia: Bryophytes (mosses, liverworts), Pteridophytes (ferns), Gymnosperms.
2. Example life cycle (fern, brief): The diploid sporophyte has sporangia on sporophylls → meiosis produces spores → spores germinate into haploid prothallus (gametophyte) with antheridia and archegonia → sperm from antheridia swim to egg in archegonium → fertilization → zygote → grows into new sporophyte.

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