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Physics Chapter 1 is very important for the students as many questions are framed from this chapter in board examinations. The topic of Electric Charges and Fields in Class 12 Physics is crucial as it forms the foundation for various concepts in electromagnetism. This chapter covers the nature and behaviour of electric charges, the concept of electric fields, and Coulomb’s Law.
Understanding these principles is essential not only for board exams but also for higher studies in physics and engineering. Below, we discuss important questions that will help students master this topic effectively. In the Electric Charges and Fields Class 12 Important Questions PDFs, you are going to study various topics like electric charge, conservation of charge, electric field and field lines, electric dipoles, torque on a dipole in an external field, Coulomb’s law, etc.
PREMIUM EDUCART QUESTIONS
(Most Important Questions of this Chapter from our 📕)
In the table given below, we have provided the links to Physics Class 12 Chapter 1 Most Important Questions PDFs. You can download them without having to share any login info.
The chapter on Electric Charges and Fields in Class 12 Physics is a fundamental topic in electromagnetism. It introduces students to key concepts such as electric charges, Coulomb’s Law, electric fields, Gauss’s Law, and electric dipoles. A strong grasp of these concepts is essential for board exams, competitive exams (like NEET and JEE), and further studies in physics and engineering.
Important Topics Covered in This Chapter
Find the answer to some of the most important questions in Electric charges and fields.
Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter that allows it to experience forces in an electric or magnetic field. It is a scalar quantity and exists in two types:
Law of Conservation of Charge: The total charge in a closed system remains constant, meaning charge can neither be created nor destroyed, only transferred.
Coulomb’s Law states that the electrostatic force between two point charges is:
Mathematical Expression:
F=ke ∣q1q2∣ / r2
Where:
Vector Form:
F12=ke∣q1q2∣r^
Where r^ is the unit vector pointing from charge q1 to q2
The electric field (E) is the force per unit charge at a given point in space. It is a vector quantity and is directed away from positive charges and towards negative charges.
Expression:
E=ke∣q∣r2
Where:
Electric field lines are imaginary lines that represent the direction of the electric field. They start from positive charges and end on negative charges.
Properties:
Electric flux measures the number of electric field lines passing through a given surface. It is a scalar quantity and depends on the electric field strength, surface area, and angle between them.
Expression:
ΦE=EAcosθ
Where:
Gauss’s Law states that the electric flux through a closed surface is directly proportional to the total charge enclosed within it.
Mathematical Expression:
∮E⋅dA=Qenc/ε0
Where:
Application to a Spherical Surface:
For a point charge q enclosed by a spherical Gaussian surface of radius r:
ΦE=E⋅4πr2
Since E is constant over the sphere:
E=q/4πε0r2
The superposition principle states that the total electric field at any point due to multiple charges is the vector sum of the individual electric fields produced by each charge.
Mathematical Expression:
Enet=E1+E2+E3+⋯+En
Where E1+E2+E3+⋯+En are the electric fields produced by different charges.
An electric dipole consists of two equal and opposite charges separated by a small distance. The dipole moment (ppp) is given by:
p=q⋅d
Where:
Electric Field on the Axial Line of a Dipole:
Eaxial=1/4πε0 ×2p/r3
Where:
The chapter Electric Charges and Fields is a key part of electromagnetism, requiring a clear understanding of fundamental laws like Coulomb’s Law, Gauss’s Law, and the Superposition Principle. With a strong grasp of these core concepts, students can solve a wide range of problems in electrostatics. These concepts are crucial for Class 12 board exams and higher studies in physics and engineering. We hope that you practice the above Physics Class 12 Chapter 1 Important Questions and achieve your dream marks.
All the best!
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