The latest CBSE syllabus of Class 12 Accountancy for the 2025-26 sessions is now released.
Accountancy is a crucial subject for commerce students, providing a strong foundation in financial management, business operations, and corporate accounting. The CBSE Class 12 Accountancy syllabus for 2025-26 is structured to help students develop a deep understanding of financial statements, company accounts, and cash flow analysis while strengthening their problem-solving skills.
This syllabus covers essential topics such as Partnership Accounts, Company Accounts, and Financial Statement Analysis, ensuring students gain both theoretical knowledge and practical application. It aligns with the latest educational standards and equips students with the necessary skills for higher studies in commerce, finance, and management.
Designed to be student-friendly, the syllabus focuses on conceptual clarity, analytical thinking, and application-based learning. It also integrates NCERT guidelines to ensure a seamless learning experience, making it easier for students to prepare for board exams and competitive tests.
Accountancy is a tough subject to take time for concept clarity and attempting related questions. For effective and timely Class 12 Syllabus completion, students can club it with the Class 12 English Core Syllabus. English will take less time in comparison to Accountancy so you can plan your chapters with the English core syllabus.
The CBSE Class 12 Accountancy syllabus for 2025-26 is designed to develop students' understanding of financial management, business transactions, and company accounts. It is divided into three main sections: Accounting for Not-for-Profit Organisations, Partnership Firms & Companies, Financial Statement Analysis, and Project Work
Unit 1: Accounting for Partnership Firms
The fundamental ideas in partnership accounting are usually covered in Accounting for Partnership Firms in CBSE Class 12 Accounts. These include the nature of partnerships, the components of partnership deeds, the accounting procedures for partner admission, retirement, and death, and the generation of financial statements for partnership firms.
Nature of Partnership: Knowing what a partnership is and what it entails, such as shared revenues and losses, unhindered responsibility, and joint decision.
Partnership Deeds: Examining the contents and significance of a partnership deed, which describes the terms and conditions of the partnership, including capital contributions, obligations, and partner rights and profit-sharing ratios.
Establishing Capital Accounts: Acquiring the knowledge to keep track of each partner's unique capital accounts, as well as to record investments, withdrawals, and adjustments for gains and losses.
Distribution of Profit & Loss: Gaining knowledge of the techniques used to divide earnings among partners, such as interest on capital and fixed and changing ratios, is essential.
Admission of a Partner: Analysing the accounting procedures associated with bringing on a new partner, such as revaluing assets and liabilities, adjusting capital, and calculating new profit-sharing ratios.
Retirement and Partner Death: Acquiring knowledge of the accounting processes related to retiring or deceased partners, such as determining the retiring partner's goodwill share, settling their account, adjusting their assets and liabilities, and managing the deceased partner's profit share until the partner's retirement or death date.
Reconstitution of Partnership: Knowing how to reorganise a partnership when there are adjustments to profit-sharing agreements, partner admissions, retirements, or deaths.
Preparation of Final Accounts: Knowing how to produce the final accounting, such as the balance sheet and the profit and loss appropriation account for partnership businesses, and including the appropriate adjustments for profit sharing, interest on withdrawals, interest on capital, etc.
Unit 2. Accounting for Companies
In Unit 2, the primary focus is on comprehending and using company-specific accounting concepts and processes, such as the issuing of shares and debentures, preparing financial statements, paying managers, distributing dividends, and using financial analysis tools.
Accounting for Share Capitals: Definition of share capital and kinds of shares (preference and equity). Documenting the share issuance at discount, premium, and par. Handling of share reissue and forfeiture.
Accounting of Debentures: Recognising the several forms of debentures, including secured and unsecured and detailing the debenture issue. Debenture redemption, together with the establishment of a reserve for it. You will also learn about Debenture interest and how it is treated in accounting.
Final Accounts of Companies: In compliance with the Companies Act, the trading, profit and loss account, and balance sheet are prepared. You will also learn about the obligations for disclosure set down in Schedule III of the Companies Act. Recognising important terminology such as paid-up capital, issued capital, subscribed capital, and authorised capital.
Managerial Remuneration: The accounting approach and computation of profit-sharing, commission, and salary as different kinds of managerial compensation.
Divisible Profits and Dividends: Divisible earnings are calculated to distribute dividends. Various dividend kinds (equity, preference, final, and interim) and dividend distribution tax are included in the accounting treatment of dividends in this chapter.
Accounts of Not-for-Profit Organizations:
Being aware of the accounting practices unique to nonprofit institutions. Balance sheet, income and expenditure account, and receipts and payments account preparation. Handling of gifts, legacies, subscriptions, etc.
Financial Statements Analysis: Fundamental methods of financial analysis, including comparative financial statements and ratio analysis. Analysing financial accounts to evaluate a company's performance and financial standing.
Unit 3. Analysis of Financial Statements
To comprehend a company's financial performance and health, one of the most important topics covered in CBSE Class 12 Accounts is the study of financial statements.
Introduction to Financial Statement Analysis: Students are introduced to the goal and significance of financial statement analysis in this module. It talks about how financial analysis aids in the decision-making of stakeholders, including creditors, investors, and management.
Tools and Techniques of Financial Analysis:
Interpretation and Significance: Students learn how to understand financial analysis data in this module. It highlights how crucial industry standards and context are to understanding ratios and other financial indicators.
Limitations of Financial Statement Analysis: Students are taught about the negative aspects and constraints of financial analysis, including its dependence on past data, the possibility of financial statement manipulation, and the influence of outside variables such as shifts in the status of the economy or changes in business patterns.
Case Studies and Practical Application: Students often find themselves able to apply the principles they have learnt in real-world circumstances through the inclusion of practical activities and case studies. These might entail looking at the financial records of real businesses or speculative situations.
Unit 4. Cash Flow Statement
The Cash Flow Statement, a financial statement which describes a company's cash inflows and outflows over a given period, is usually covered in Unit 4 of Class 12 Accounts.
Introduction to Cash Flow Statement: One of the financial statements created by businesses to examine the movements of cash over a specific period is the cash flow statement. It aids in determining a company's liquidity and solvency.
Purpose of Cash Flow Statement: The Cash Flow Statement's main objective is to give information on the cash created by financing, investing, and operating activities. It facilitates stakeholder understanding of a company's financial resource management.
Format of Cash Flow Statement: Generally, there are three areas in the cash flow statement: financing activities, investing activities, and operating activities. The cash flows associated with each section's specific operations are described in depth.
Operating Activities: Cash flows from the company's primary business activities, such as sales income, supplier payments, employee wages, etc., are included in this part. It offers information about the company's capacity to make money from its main business activities.
Investing Activities: This section contains cash flows from both financial and long-term asset investments, such as property, plant, and equipment (PP&E). It facilitates stakeholders' comprehension of the business's investment choices.
Financing Activities: Financing operations include cash flows from borrowing, issuing equity, repaying loans, and disbursing dividends. This section describes the company's capital raising and financial liabilities management procedures.
Preparation of Cash Flow Statement: One of the two methods—direct or indirect—is used to create the cash flow statement. While the direct method displays cash revenues and payments from operational operations, the indirect approach starts with net income and adjusts for non-cash items and changes in working capital.
Significance of Cash Flow Analysis: A company's cash position, liquidity, and overall financial health may all be evaluated by analysing its cash flow statement. It also helps in projecting future cash flows and assessing the capacity of the business to fulfil its short- and long-term commitments.
Limitations of Cash Flow Statement: The Cash Flow Statement has certain limitations even though it offers insightful information. For example, it may not accurately reflect a company's real profitability since it ignores non-cash activities like depreciation.
Interpretation and Analysis: To make wise judgements, stakeholders such as creditors, investors, and management examine the Cash Flow Statement. They evaluate the business's cash-generating capacity, financing and investment operations, and overall financial performance.
One specific project based on financial statement analysis of a company covering any two aspects from the following:
The comprehensive project may contain simple GST calculations.
The CBSE Class 12 Accountancy syllabus for 2025-26 is structured to provide students with a solid understanding of financial accounting, business transactions, and financial statement analysis. It emphasises conceptual clarity, analytical skills, and practical application to prepare students for higher education and professional careers in finance, accounting, and business management
Important Highlights of the Syllabus:
Syllabus Structure:
The syllabus is divided into three main parts:
Part A: Accounting for Not-for-Profit Organisations, Partnership Firms & Companies
Part B: Financial Statement Analysis
Part C: Project Work
The syllabus offers a balanced mix of theory and practical learning, equipping students with the necessary skills to excel in accountancy, finance, and business-related fields. It provides a strong foundation for further studies and professional opportunities in commerce and economics.
The Class 12 CBSE Accountancy syllabus can feel overwhelming due to its vast topics and complex concepts. However, with the right approach, you can manage your studies effectively and score well on your exams. Here are some practical tips to help you tackle the lengthy syllabus with ease.
Understand the Syllabus Structure
Start by going through the syllabus and dividing it into smaller sections. Accountancy is broadly divided into:
Understanding these divisions will help you plan your study schedule better.
Make a Study Plan
Strengthen Your Concepts
Practise Regularly
Focus on Presentation
Revise and Clarify Doubts
Stay Consistent and Motivated
Handling the Class 12 Accountancy syllabus requires smart planning, consistent practice, and a clear understanding of concepts. By following a structured approach, you can simplify your studies, boost your confidence, and perform well in your board exams.
The Class 12 Accountancy syllabus is vast, but with a well-structured study plan, you can cover all topics effectively and perform well in your exams. Below is a step-by-step guide to help you manage your studies efficiently.
Understand the Syllabus and Marking Scheme
Before starting, go through the CBSE syllabus carefully. The syllabus is divided into:
Identify high-weightage topics and prioritise them in your study plan.
Create a Weekly Study Schedule
A balanced study routine ensures better retention and less stress. Here’s a suggested weekly plan:
Week 1-2: Basics and Not-for-Profit Organisations
Week 3-5: Partnership Accounts
Week 6-8: Company Accounts
Week 9-10: Financial Statement Analysis
Week 11-12: Revision & Project Work
Daily Study Routine for Accountancy
Tips for Effective Preparation
A disciplined approach to studying Class 12 Accountancy can make the subject easier to understand and score well in exams. Stay consistent, revise regularly, and focus on conceptual clarity. With the right strategy, you can master Accountancy and excel in your board exams.