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<green> Bookmark this page <green> to stay updated with the upcoming 2023-24 CBSE Syllabus of Class 11 & 12.
In this page, we have covered the detailed syllabus of CBSE Class 11 Biology Syllabus for Session 2022-23. Students must refer to the syllabus to start their preparation to score well by analysing the topics and chapters for this year examination.
2022-23 Reduced Syllabus
We have also provided the syllabus for the 2021-22 session that was previously restored so that you can compare the deleted and added topics.
2021-22 Reduced Syllabus
<red> Marked in red: <red> Topics <red> removed <red> for 2021-22
<green> Marked in green: <green> Topics <green> added back <green>for 2021-22
Chapter 1: The Living World
What is living? Biodiversity; Need for classification; taxonomy and systematics; concept of species and taxonomic hierarchy; binomial nomenclature; <red> tools for study of taxonomy- museums, zoological parks, herbaria, botanical gardens, keys for identification. <red>
Chapter 2: Biological Classification
Five kingdom classification; Salient features and classification of Monera, Protista and Fungi into major groups; Lichens, Viruses and Viroids.
Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom
Salient features and classification of plants into major groups - Algae, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms <red> and Angiosperms <red> (salient and distinguishing features and a few examples of each category): <red> Angiosperms - classification up to class, characteristic features and examples. Plant life cycles and alternation of generations <red>
Chapter 4: Animal Kingdom
<red> Basis of Classification; <red> Salient features and classification of animals, non-chordates up to phyla level and chordates up to class level (salient features and distinguishing features of a few examples of each category). (No live animals or specimens should be displayed in school.)
Chapter 5: Morphology of Flowering Plants
Morphology <red> and modifications: Morphology of different parts of flowering plants: root, stem, leaf, <red> inflorescence, flower, fruit and seed. Description of families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae (to be dealt along with the relevant experiments of the Practical Syllabus).
<red> Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants <red>
<red> Anatomy and functions of different tissues and tissue systems in dicots and monocots. Secondary growth. <red>
Chapter 7: Structural Organisation in Animals
Animal tissues; <red> Morphology, Anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive) of an insect-cockroach (a brief account only). <red>
Chapter 8: Cell-The Unit of Life
Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life, structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; Plant cell and animal cell; cell envelope; cell membrane, cell wall; cell organelles - structure and function; endomembrane system- endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles; mitochondria, plastids, microbodies; cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (ultrastructure and function); nucleus.
Chapter 9: Biomolecules
Chemical constituents of living cells: biomolecules, structure and function of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; concept of metabolism; Enzymes - properties, enzyme action, <red> factors, classification, Co-factors. <red>
Chapter 10: Cell Cycle and Cell Division
Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance.
<red> Chapter 11: Transport in Plants <red>
<red> Movement of water, gases and nutrients; cell to cell transport - diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport; plant-water relations, imbibition, water potential, osmosis, plasmolysis; long distance transport of water - Absorption, apoplast, symplast, transpiration pull, root pressure and guttation; transpiration, opening and closing of stomata; Uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients - Transport of food, phloem transport, mass flow hypothesis. <red>
<red> Chapter 12: Mineral Nutrition <red>
<red> Elementary idea of hydroponics as a method to study mineral nutrition; essential minerals, macro- and micronutrients and their role; deficiency symptoms; mineral toxicity; nitrogen metabolism, nitrogen cycle, biological nitrogen fixation. <red>
Chapter 13: Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
Photosynthesis as a means of autotrophic nutrition; early experiments, site of photosynthesis, pigments involved in photosynthesis (elementary idea); photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis; cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation; chemiosmotic hypothesis; photorespiration; C3 and C4 pathways; factors affecting photosynthesis.
Chapter 14: Respiration in Plants
Exchange of gases; do plants breathe; cellular respiration - glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic), TCA cycle and electron transport system (aerobic); energy relations - number of ATP molecules generated; amphibolic pathways; respiratory quotient.
Chapter 15: Plant - Growth and Development
<red> Seed germination; characteristics, measurements and phases of plant growth, growth rate; conditions for growth; differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation; sequence of developmental processes in a plant cell; <red> growth regulators - auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA; seed dormancy; vernalisation; photoperiodism.
<red> Chapter 16: Digestion and Absorption <red>
<red> Alimentary canal and digestive glands, role of digestive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones; Peristalsis, digestion, absorption and assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates and fats; egestion; nutritional and digestive disorders - indigestion, constipation, vomiting, jaundice, diarrhoea. <red>
Chapter 17: Breathing and Exchange of Gases
Respiratory organs in animals (recall only); Respiratory system in humans; mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans - exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration, respiratory volumes; disorders related to respiration - asthma, emphysema, occupational respiratory disorders.
Chapter 18: Body Fluids and Circulation
Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood; composition of lymph and its function; <red> circulatory pathways; <red> human circulatory system - Structure of human heart and blood vessels; cardiac cycle, cardiac output, ECG; double circulation; regulation of cardiac activity; disorders of circulatory system - hypertension, coronary artery disease, angina pectoris, heart failure.
Chapter 19: Excretory Products and their Elimination
Modes of excretion - ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; human excretory system – structure and function; urine formation, osmoregulation; regulation of kidney function - renin - angiotensin, atrial natriuretic factor, ADH, diabetes insipidus; <red> micturition; <red> role of other organs in excretion; disorders - uremia, renal failure, renal calculi, nephritis; dialysis and artificial kidney, kidney transplant.
Chapter 20: Locomotion and Movement
<red> Types of movement – amoeboid, ciliary, flagellar, muscular; types of muscles; <red> skeletal muscle, contractile proteins and muscle contraction; <red> skeletal system and its functions; joints; disorders of muscular and skeletal systems - myasthenia gravis, tetany, muscular dystrophy, arthritis, osteoporosis, gout. <red>
Chapter 21: Neural Control and Coordination
Neuron and nerves; Nervous system in humans - central nervous system, peripheral nervous system <green> and visceral nervous system; <green> generation, conduction <red> and transmission <red> of nerve impulse; <red> reflex action; sensory perception; sense organs; elementary structure and functions of eye and ear. <red>
Chapter 22: Chemical Coordination and Integration
Endocrine glands and hormones; human endocrine system - hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, <red> thymus, <red> adrenal, pancreas, gonads; <red> hormones of heart, kidney and gastrointestinal tract; <red> mechanism of hormone action (elementary idea); role of hormones as messengers and regulators, hypo - and hyperactivity and related disorders; dwarfism, acromegaly, cretinism, goiter, exophthalmic goiter, diabetes, Addison's disease.
NOTE: Diseases related to all the human physiological systems to be taught in brief.
1. Study and describe a locally available common flowering plant, from any one family: Solanaceae or Liliaceae (Poaceae, Asteraceae or Brassicaceae can be substituted in case of particular geographical location) including dissection and display of floral whorls, anther and ovary to show number of chambers (floral formulae and floral diagrams).
<red> Preparation and study of T.S. of dicot and monocot roots and stems (primary). <red>
2. Study of osmosis by potato osmometer.
<red> Study of plasmolysis in epidermal peels (e.g. Rhoeo/lily leaves or fleshy scale leaves of onion bulb). <red>
3. Study of distribution of stomata in the upper and lower surfaces of leaves.
<red> Comparative study of the rates of transpiration in the upper and lower surface of leaves. <red>
<red> Test for the presence of sugar, starch, proteins and fats in suitable plant and animal materials. <red>
4. Separation of plant pigments through paper chromatography.
5. Study of the rate of respiration in flower buds/leaf tissue and germinating seeds.
<red> Test for presence of urea in urine. <red>
6. Test for presence of sugar in urine.
7. Test for presence of albumin in urine.
<red> Test for presence of bile salts in urine. <red>
Term I
B.1 Parts of a compound microscope.
B.2 Specimens/slides/models and identification with reasons - Bacteria, Oscillatoria, Spirogyra, Rhizopus, mushroom, yeast, liverwort, moss, fern, pine, one monocotyledonous plant, one dicotyledonous plant and one lichen.
B.3 Virtual specimens/slides/models and identifying features of - Amoeba, Hydra, liver fluke, Ascaris, leech, earthworm, prawn, silkworm, honeybee, snail, starfish, shark, rohu, frog, lizard, pigeon and rabbit.
Term II
<red> Tissues and diversity in shape and size of plant cells (palisade cells, guard cells, parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma, xylem and phloem) through temporary and permanent slides. <red>
B.4 Tissues and diversity in shape and size of animal cells (squamous epithelium, smooth, skeletal and cardiac muscle fibers and mammalian blood smear) through temporary/permanent slides.
B.5 Mitosis in onion root tip cells and animal cells (grasshopper) from permanent slides.
<red> Different modifications in roots, stems and leaves. <red>
<red> Different types of inflorescence (cymose and racemose). <red>
<red> Human skeleton and different types of joints with the help of virtual images/models only. <red>
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