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Natural vegetation and wildlife are an important part of India’s environment and biodiversity. The chapter Natural Vegetation and Wildlife helps Class 9 students understand the different types of forests, grasslands, and animals found in various regions of India. It also explains how climate, land, and human activities affect plant and animal life. These notes are written in simple language to make learning easy, support quick revision, and help students prepare well for exams. Check the complete CBSE Class 9 Social Science Syllabus to see chapter-wise course structure.
Class 9 Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Notes
We bring you the finest notes of all subjects so that students can revise quickly during exams and tests. These natural vegetation and wildlife class 9 notes pdf help you plan smart revision within a short span of time. Download them from below:
1. Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Summary
This chapter explains how different types of plants and animals live in India depending on climate, landforms and rainfall. You’ll also learn why forests and wildlife are important for humans and how we can protect them.
By the end of this chapter, you’ll clearly understand the connection between nature, environment and human life, making it super easy to score in exams.
2. What is Natural Vegetation?
Natural vegetation refers to plants that grow naturally without any human help. It is also called virgin vegetation when plants grow on their own without being planted by humans.
Factors Affecting Natural Vegetation:
The growth and type of vegetation depend on several natural factors:
- Relief: Mountains, plateaus and plains influence plant growth.
- Temperature: Suitable temperature helps plants grow properly.
- Rainfall: More rainfall supports dense forests.
- Sunlight: Essential for photosynthesis and plant growth.
These factors together decide the type, density and thickness of vegetation in an area.
3. Types of Natural Vegetation in India
India has five major types of natural vegetation:
a) Tropical Evergreen Forests
- Found in Western Ghats andaman & Nicobar Islands and North-Eastern states
- Receive more than 200 cm rainfall
- Very dense and dark forests
- Trees do not shed leaves at the same time
- Important trees: Ebony, Mahogany, Rosewood
- Animals found: Elephants, monkeys, lemurs
b) Tropical Deciduous Forests
- Found in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh
- Receive 100–200 cm rainfall
- Trees shed leaves during the dry season
- Important trees: Sal, Teak, Neem, Peepal
- Animals found: Tigers, elephants, deer, lions
c) Thorn Forests and Scrubs
- Found in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Haryana and parts of Madhya Pradesh
- Receive less than 70 cm rainfall
- Trees have long roots and thick leaves
- Important plants: Cactus, Babool, Acacia
- Animals found: Camels, rats, foxes
d) Montane Forests
- Also known as Mountain Forests
- Found in the Himalayan region
- Vegetation changes with height (1000–2000 m and above)
- Animals found: Snow leopard, yak, red panda
e) Mangrove Forests
- Also known as Tidal Forests
- Found in coastal and delta regions
- Trees grow in salty water and have roots above ground
- Important tree: Sundari
- Animals found: Crocodiles, Royal Bengal Tiger
4. Wildlife in India
India has one of the richest wildlife populations in the world:
- Over 90,000 animal species
- Around 2,000 bird species
- About 13,000 plant species
Animals like tigers, elephants, leopards, rhinos and deer are found in India. Birds such as peacocks, parrots and cranes are also widely seen. India also has diverse aquatic life, including turtles, crocodiles, fish and frogs.
5. Conservation of Forests and Wildlife
Conservation of forests and wildlife means protecting plants and animals from destruction so that nature remains balanced and resources are available for future generations.
a) Why is Conservation Important?
- Forests provide oxygen, rainfall and prevent soil erosion
- They supply food, wood and medicines
- Wildlife maintains ecological balance
- Extinction of wildlife can disturb the entire ecosystem
Protecting forests and animals is essential for human survival and a healthy environment.
b) Threats to Wildlife
Threats to wildlife are human activities that harm animals, destroy their natural habitats and push many species towards extinction.
- Deforestation: Large-scale cutting of trees for agriculture and urbanisation destroys animal habitats.
- Hunting and Poaching: Illegal hunting for body parts is a major threat to wildlife, even though it is banned in India.
- Pollution: Pollution causes health problems in animals and reduces their lifespan.
6. Steps Taken by the Government of India
The Government of India has taken several important measures to conserve forests and protect wildlife from extinction.
- Project Tiger and Project Elephant to protect endangered species
- Creation of Wildlife Sanctuaries, National Parks and Biosphere Reserves
- Forest Policy of 1988 focusing on conservation
- Promotion of afforestation to increase forest cover
These measures help animals live safely without human interference.
These are your rapid revision notes for Natural Vegetation and Wildlife. Reading these notes, students can revise the entire chapter within minutes without opening the textbook. These notes help you study faster, remember key points easily and stay one step ahead in exam preparation.
FAQs
Q1. What is natural vegetation?
Ans: Natural vegetation refers to plants that grow naturally without human interference.
Q2. How many types of natural vegetation are found in India?
Ans: India has five types: Tropical Evergreen, Tropical Deciduous, Thorn Forests, Montane Forests and Mangrove Forests.
Q3. Why are forests important for humans?
Ans: Forests provide oxygen, prevent soil erosion, support rainfall and supply food and raw materials.
Q4. What are the major threats to wildlife?
Ans: Deforestation, hunting/poaching and pollution are the major threats.
Q5. Name two government projects for wildlife conservation.
Ans: Project Tiger and Project Elephant.
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