ISC Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2024-25 | PDF Download

ISC Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2024-25

The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE), the official education board responsible for conducting the Indian School Certificate (ISC) examinations, has released the updated syllabus for Class 12 for the academic session 2024-2025.

Physics holds great importance for students of class 12 as this is the fundamental subject that lays the groundwork for various fields such as engineering, medicine, and other sciences. Understanding its principles is important for further academic pursuits. 

Physics also become important for Class 12 students because many important exams like JEE Main, JEE Advanced for engineering, NEET for medical, and various national and state-level exams have fixed sections for physics.

Students who opted for the Science stream, Physics and Chemistry hold the uttermost importance. These subjects can be clubbed with Mathematics or Biology using the Class 12 ISC Math Syllabus or ISC Class 12 Biology Syllabus. 

Students enrolled in ISC Class 12 Science Stream can download the Class 12 Physics Syllabus PDF for the 2024- 25 session from the link provided below. 

Latest ISC Syllabus for Class 12 Physics 2024-25

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ISC Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2024-25

ISC Physics Syllabus Class 12 2024-25

Class 12 ISC Physics Syllabus allows students to focus their efforts on the specific topics and chapters that will be covered in exams, preventing wasted time on irrelevant material. Students can plan their study schedule effectively by knowing the weightage of each topic and allocating time accordingly to cover all the important areas.

The ISC Physics Subject consists of two papers: Paper 1- Theory and Paper 2

Paper I: Theory - 3 hours  (70 marks)

Paper II: Consists of a Total of 30 Marks which are divided as follows

1. Practical: 3 hours (15 marks)
2. Project Work (10 marks)
3. Practical File (5 marks)

ISC Class 12 Physics Paper II: Practical 

The experiments for laboratory work and practical examinations are mostly from two groups:

(i) experiments based on ray optics and

(ii) experiments based on current electricity. The main skill required in group (i) is to remove parallax between a needle and the real image of another needle. 

# In group (ii), understanding circuit diagram and making connections strictly following the given diagram is very important. Polarity of cells and meters, their range, zero error, least count, etc. should be taken care of.

# A graph is a convenient and effective way of representing results of measurement. It is an important part of the experiment. There will be one graph in the Practical question paper. 

# Candidates are advised to read the question paper carefully and do the work according to the instructions given in the question paper. Generally, they are not expected to write the procedure of the experiment, formulae, precautions, or draw the figures, circuit diagrams, etc.

# Observations should be recorded in a tabular form.

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Record of observations

• All observations recorded should be consistent with the least count of the instrument used (e.g. focal length of the lens is 10.0 cm or 15.1cm but 10 cm is a wrong record.)

• All observations should be recorded with correct units.

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Graph work

Students should learn to draw graphs correctly noting all important steps such as:

(i) Title

(ii) Selection of origin (should be marked by two coordinates, for example, 0,0 or 5,0, or 0,10 or 30,5; Kink is not accepted).

(i) The axes should be labeled according to the question

(ii) Uniform and convenient scale should be taken and the units given along each axis (one small division = 0.33, 0.67, 0.66, etc. should not to be taken)

(iii) Maximum area of graph paper (at least 60% of the graph paper along both the axes) should be used.

(iv) Points should be plotted with great care, marking the points plotted with (should be a circle with a dot)  or ⊗ . A blob ( ) is a misplot.

(v) The best fit straight line should be drawn. The best-fit line does not necessarily have to pass through all the plotted points and the origin. While drawing the best-fit line, all experimental points must be kept on the line or symmetrically placed on the left and right sides of the line. The line should be continuous, thin, uniform, and extended beyond the extreme plots.

(vi) The intercepts must be read carefully. Y-intercept i.e. y0 is that value of y when x = 0. Similarly, X intercept i.e. x0 is that value of x when y=0. When x0 and y0 are to be read, origin should be at (0, 0).

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Deductions

(i) The slope ‘S’ of the best-fit line must be found taking two distant points (using more than 50% of the line drawn), which are not the plotted points, using S= Y₂- Y₁/ X₂- X₁. Slope S must be calculated upto proper decimal place or significant figures as specified in the question paper.

(ii) All calculations should be rounded off upto proper decimal place or significant figures, as specified in the question papers. 

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NOTE:

1. Short answer type questions may be set from each experiment to test understanding of theory and logic of steps involved.

2. Given below is a list of required experiments. Teachers may add to this list, keeping in mind the general pattern of questions asked in the annual examinations.

3. Students are required to have completed all experiments from the given list (excluding demonstration experiments):

‍1. To find focal length of a convex lens by using uv method (no parallax method) Using a convex lens, optical bench/metre scales and two pins, obtain the positions of the images for various positions of the object; f<u<2f, u~2f, and u>2f.

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Draw the following set of graphs using data from the experiments -

(i) ν against u. It will be a curve.

(ii) Magnification m = v/u  against ν which is a straight line and to find focal length by intercept.

(iii) y = (100/v) against x = (100/u) which is a straight line and find f by intercepts.

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2. To find f of a convex lens by displacement method.

3. To determine the focal length of a given convex lens with the help of an auxiliary convex lens.

4. To determine the focal length of a concave lens, using an auxiliary convex lens, not in contact and plotting appropriate graph.

5. To determine focal length of concave mirror by using two pins (by u-v method).

6. To determine the refractive index of a liquid by using a convex lens and a plane mirror.

7. To determine the focal length of a convex mirror using convex lens.

8. Using a metre bridge, determine the resistance of about 100 cm of (constantan) wire. Measure its length and radius and hence, calculate the specific resistance of the material. Verify Ohm’s law for the given unknown resistance (a 60 cm constantan wire), plotting a graph of potential difference versus current. Also, calculate the resistance per cm of the wire from the slope of the graph and the length of the wire.

9. To determine the internal resistance of a cell by a potentiometer.

10. From a potentiometer set up, measure the fall in potential (i.e. pd) for increasing lengths of a constantan wire, through which a steady current is flowing; plot a graph of pd (V) versus length(l). Calculate the potential gradient of the wire and specific resistance of its material. Q (i) Why is the current kept constant in this experiment? Q (ii) How can you increase the sensitivity of the potentiometer? Q (iii) How can you use the above results and measure the emf of a cell?

 11. To verify the laws of combination of resistances (series and parallel) using metre bridge. 

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Demonstration Experiments (The following experiments are to be demonstrated by the teacher):

1. To convert a given galvanometer into (a) an ammeter of range, say 2A and (b) a voltmeter of range 4V.

2. To study I-V characteristics of a semi-conductor diode in forward and reverse bias.

3. To determine refractive index of a glass slab using a traveling microscope.

4. Identification of diode, LED, transistor, IC, resistor, capacitor from mixed collection of such items.

5. Use of multimeter to (i) identify base of transistor, (ii) distinguish between npn and pnp

type transistors, (iii) see the unidirectional flow of current in case of diode and an LED, (iv) check whether a given electronic component (e.g. diode, transistors, IC) is in working order.

6. Charging and discharging of a capacitor.

ISC Class 12 Physics: Project Work And Practical File 

The project work and Practical file consist of a Total = 15 marks, out of which the Project Work will be 10 marks.

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Project Work

The Project work is to be assessed by a Visiting Examiner appointed locally and approved by CISCE.

All candidates will be required to do one project involving some physics-related topic/s under the guidance and regular supervision of the Physics teacher.

Candidates should undertake any one of the following types of projects:

• Theoretical project

• Working Model

• Investigatory project (by performing an experiment under supervision of a teacher).

Candidates are to prepare a technical report including title, abstract, some theoretical discussion, experimental setup, observations with tables of data collected, graph/chart (if any), analysis and discussion of results, deductions, conclusion, etc. The teacher should approve the draft, before it is finalised. The report should be kept simple, but neat and elegant. Teachers may assign or students may choose any one project of their choice.

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Practical File 

The Practical File will be of 5 marks. The Visiting Examiner is required to assess the candidates on the basis of the Physics practical file maintained by them during the academic year.