HIV spreads by: Unprotected sexual contact with infected person Transfusion of contaminated blood Sharing infected needles/syringes From infected mother to child during pregnancy, birth or breastfeeding

What are the various routes by which transmission of human immunodeficiency virus takes place?

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Chapter 7 NCERT Class 12 Biology SOLUTIONS

Question:

What are the various routes by which transmission of human immunodeficiency virus takes place?

Answer:

HIV spreads by:

Unprotected sexual contact with infected person
Transfusion of contaminated blood
Sharing infected needles/syringes
From infected mother to child during pregnancy, birth or breastfeeding

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(All Q's of this Chapter solved)

What is amoebiasis?

What happens if anaemia is left untreated?

Can anaemia be prevented?

What foods help prevent or treat anaemia?

How is anaemia treated?

What are the types of anemia?

How is anaemia diagnosed?

Who is at risk of developing anemia?

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What are the common causes of anemia?

What is anemia?

Can amoebiasis recur after treatment?

Is amoebiasis contagious?

How can amoebiasis be prevented?

What complications can arise from untreated amoebiasis?

Can amoebiasis be treated?

How is amoebiasis diagnosed?

Who is at risk of amoebiasis?

What are the symptoms of amoebiasis?

How is amoebiasis transmitted?

In your view what motivates youngsters to take to alcohol or drugs and how can this be avoided?

Why is it that once a person starts taking alcohol or drugs, it is difficult to get rid of this habit? Discuss it with your teacher?

Do you think that friends can influence one to take alcohol/drugs? If yes, how may one protect himself/herself from such an influence?

List the harmful effects caused by alcohol/drug abuse?

Explain what is meant by metastasis?

How is a cancerous cell different from a normal cell?

What is the mechanism by which the AIDS virus causes deficiency of the immune system of the infected person?

Draw a well-labelled diagram of an antibody molecule?

Differentiate the following and give examples of each: (a) Innate and acquired immunity

The following are some well-known abbreviations, which have been used in this chapter. Expand each one to its full form: (a) MALT?

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Discuss with your teacher what ‘a suitable gene’ means, in the context of DNA vaccines?

What measure would you take to prevent water-borne diseases?

How does the transmission of each of the following diseases take place? (a) Amoebiasis

In which way has the study of biology helped us to control infectious diseases?

What are the various public health measures, which you would suggest as safeguard against infectious diseases?

Can someone with HIV live a normal life?

What is the global impact of AIDS?

What is the role of ART in HIV treatment?

Is AIDS contagious through casual contact?

How can HIV be prevented?

Can AIDS be cured?

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