Activity-3. Look at following figures Can you see any difference in the way the two images show industrialization? Explain your view briefly.

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Chapter 4

NCERT

Class 10

History

Solutions

1. Look at following figures Can you see any difference in the way the two images show industrialization? Explain your view briefly.

Question:

Look at following figures Can you see any difference in the way the two images show industrialization? Explain your view briefly.

Fig. A Lancashire cotton mill, painted by C.E. Turner, The Illustrated London News, 1925

The artist said: 'Seen through the humid atmosphere that makes Lancashire the best cotton-spinning locality in the world, a huge cotton-mill aglow with electricity in the twilight, is a most impressive sight.'

Fig. Industrial Manchester by M. Jackson, The Illustrated London News, 1857.

Chimneys billowing smoke came to characterise the industrial landscape.

Answer:

In figure 1 the Lancashire cotton mill adds to the beauty of the city due to its lighting system during the evening.
In figure 2 Manchester is shown to have a cluster of industries that emit a lot of smoke. It symbioses environmental pollution.
Therefore the difference between the two figures is that they symbolize beauty (figure 1) and pollution (figure 2).

More NCERT Questions

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(All Q's of this Chapter solved)

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Project. Select any one industry in your region and find out its history. How has technology changed? Where do the workers come from? How are the products advertised and marketed? Try and talk to the employers and some workers to get their views about the industry’s history.

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Discuss. Why did industrial production in India increase during the First World War?

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Discuss. Imagine that you have been asked to write an article for an Encyclopaedia on Britain and the history of cotton. Write your piece using information from the entire chapter.

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Discuss. How did the East India Company procure regular supplies of cotton and silk textiles from Indian weavers?

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Discuss. Why did some industrialists in the nineteenth century in Europe prefer hand labor over machines?

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Write in Brief. Explain what is meant by proto-industrialization.

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Write in Brief. Write True or False against each statement : (A)At the end of the nineteenth century, 80 percent of the total workforce in Europe was employed in the technologically advanced industrial sector.

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Write in Brief. Explain the following:(A)Women workers in Britain attacked the Spinning Jenny.(B)In the seventeenth century, merchants from towns in Europe began employing peasants and artisans within the villages.

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Activity-5. On a map of Asia, find and draw the sea and land links of the textile trade from India to Central Asia, West Asia and Southeast Asia.

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Discuss-1. Look at following figures then reread source B. Explain why many workers were opposed to the use of the Spinning Jenny. You can see each member of the family involved in the production of yarn.

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Activity-4. Imagine that you are a merchant writing back to a salesman who has been trying to persuade you to buy a new machine. Explain in your letter what you have heard and why you do not wish to invest in the new technology

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Activity-1. Give two examples where modern development that is associated with progress has led to problems. You may like to think of areas related to environmental issues, nuclear weapons or disease.

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