Chapter 18

NCERT
Class 11
Biology
Solutions
Compare the following: (a) Central nervous system (CNS) and Peripheral nervous system (PNS) (b) Resting potential and Action potential

Question:

Compare the following:

(a) Central nervous system (CNS) and Peripheral nervous system (PNS) (b) Resting potential and Action potential

Answer:

(a) Central nervous system (CNS) and Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Feature CNS PNS
Components Brain + Spinal cord All other nerves outside CNS
Function Processes and integrates information Transmits signals between CNS and body
Control Voluntary and involuntary Mostly voluntary and reflex responses

(b) Resting potential and Action potential

Feature Resting Potential Action Potential
Membrane charge Negative inside (-70 mV) Briefly positive inside (+40 mV)
When observed Neuron at rest When neuron fires
Ion movement Na⁺ out, K⁺ in Na⁺ enters, K⁺ leaves

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