(a) Social Conditions: The Russian society was divided into three classes: Working class, Nobles and Clergy. In Russia 85% of the Population was dependent on agriculture. But most of the peasants were landless and used to work on landowners' land. They were ill treated by landowners.

(b)Economic Conditions: Before 1905, most of the population was dependent on agriculture but after industrialization, many factories were set up. The wages of the workers were very less as compared to the working hours and working conditions. The state treasury was bankrupt due to heavy expenses.

(c) Political Conditions: There was an autocratic rule by Tsar Nicholas II in Russia. The Russian empire was vast and feudal. He used strict rules to oppress the people of Russia. There was a ban on giving speech, writing and individual freedom. People were dissatisfied due to his autocratic rule. The defeat of Russia in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904 also eroded the prestige of Tsar.