What are the modifications that are observed in birds that help them fly?

Question:

What are the modifications that are observed in birds that help them fly?

Answer:

Birds are perfectly adapted for flight, and their bodies show many modifications.

Flight Adaptations

  • Lightweight body – Hollow bones reduce weight.
  • Feathers – Provide surface for lift and balance.
  • Forelimbs as wings – Specialized for flying instead of walking.
  • Powerful flight muscles – Especially pectoral muscles for wing movement.
  • Air sacs – Store extra oxygen and reduce body weight.
  • Streamlined body – Reduces air resistance.
  • No urinary bladder – Less body weight to carry.

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