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Latest 2025-26 CBSE Syllabus of Class 10 Hindi B is now released.
This syllabus is designed to help you connect with Hindi literature and strengthen your language skills. Along with Literature, the syllabus will include grammar lessons to enhance your writing and speaking abilities. Get ready for a year of rich learning!
Students can prepare for Hindi examinations by using the syllabus as a reference to determine which chapters are covered. They may then create a schedule that works for them, ensuring that they have adequate time for each chapter. There are two books in the CBSE Class 10 Hindi B syllabus:
The class 10 Hindi B syllabus for CBSE is called Sanchayan, and it includes interesting chapters like "Harihar Kaka," "Sapno Ke Se Din," and "Topi Shukla."
Class 10 Hindi B Syllabus Sparsh for CBSE, comprises 17 chapters in total. Through these syllables, one may explore literature and culture while also improving linguistic skills. Some examples of these works are the ageless works of Ravindra Nath Tagore and Premchand, as well as the poignant rhymes of Meera and Bihari.
The goal of the Grammar (Vyakaran) section is to teach students the foundational ideas of Hindi grammar, including the nuances of sentence structure, parts of speech, and other grammatical ideas. For the academic year 2025–2026, the CBSE Class 10 Hindi syllabus expands pupils' vocabulary in Hindi (Shabdaikya).
The CBSE has prescribed the following NCERT books to prepare for Class 10 Hindi B exam:
Sparsh: Sparsh is the main textbook in Class 10 Hindi which contains stories and poems. Every chapter aims to boost your ability to understand nature, patriotism, life, and philosophy. It includes stories and poems such as:
Chapter 1: कबीर – साखी
The poem "Sakhi" by Sant Kabir is a collection of short yet profound couplets that convey deep wisdom about life, spirituality, and human nature. Kabir, a 15th-century poet and saint, used simple and direct language to express important truths about the world, often challenging blind faith, hypocrisy, and materialism.
In these couplets, Kabir emphasises the importance of true devotion, self-awareness, and wisdom over superficial religious practices. He criticises those who follow rituals without understanding their real meaning. Instead, he encourages people to seek God within themselves and live a life of honesty, kindness, and humility.
Kabir also speaks about the value of time and warns against wasting it on meaningless activities. He reminds people that life is short, and one should focus on doing good deeds rather than getting lost in greed, ego, and false pride. His words highlight the importance of love, patience, and inner realisation to attain true happiness and peace.
Overall, Kabir’s Sakhi teaches timeless moral lessons and inspires us to live with simplicity, truth, and a deep connection with the divine, beyond religious boundaries.
Chapter 2: मीरा – पद
The poem "Pad" by Meera Bai reflects her deep love and devotion towards Lord Krishna. Meera, a famous saint-poet of the Bhakti movement, expressed her emotions through simple yet powerful verses filled with devotion, surrender, and longing for Krishna.
In these verses, Meera describes Krishna as her beloved and ultimate companion. She believes that true happiness lies in complete surrender to him. She expresses her deep love and unwavering faith, showing that devotion goes beyond materialistic concerns and societal norms. Despite facing criticism and hardships, she remains firm in her spiritual path, believing that Krishna alone is her protector and saviour.
Her poetry highlights the themes of love, devotion, and selflessness, encouraging people to connect with God through pure emotions rather than rituals. She portrays Krishna not just as a divine figure but as a close, personal presence in her life.
Overall, Meera’s "Pad" teaches the power of true devotion and faith, inspiring people to follow the path of love and surrender without fear of society’s judgments.
Chapter 3: मैथिलीशरण गुप्त – मानुषीता
The poem "मानुषीता" by Maithili Sharan Gupt highlights the true essence of humanity. The poet, known for his nationalist and philosophical themes, emphasises that being born as a human is not enough; one must also act with kindness, wisdom, and righteousness to truly uphold human values.
In this poem, Gupt explains that a real human being helps others, shows compassion, and fulfils their responsibilities towards society. He criticises selfishness and urges people to rise above narrow personal interests to serve a greater purpose. The poem encourages qualities like empathy, sacrifice, and selfless service, which make a person truly noble.
The poet also stresses the importance of duty and moral values. He believes that humanity is the highest virtue, and one should strive to live a meaningful life by following the path of truth and goodness.
Overall, "मानुषीता" inspires us to embrace the true spirit of being human by practising kindness, duty, and selflessness, making the world a better place for everyone.
Chapter 4: सुमित्रानंदन पंत – परवत प्रदेश के पावस
The poem "परवत प्रदेश के पावस" by Sumitranandan Pant beautifully describes the monsoon season in the mountainous regions. Pant, known for his nature-centric poetry, paints a vivid picture of the rainy season in the hills, capturing its beauty, freshness, and deep connection with life.
In this poem, the poet describes how dark clouds gather over the mountains, bringing heavy rains and transforming the landscape. The rivers overflow, the trees appear greener, and nature seems alive with energy. The poet's imagery makes the reader feel the cool breeze, the sound of raindrops, and the freshness of the earth.
Beyond just describing nature, the poem also reflects on its spiritual and emotional impact. The rain symbolises renewal, hope, and the cycle of life, reminding us of the deep bond between humans and nature. Pant’s writing evokes a sense of admiration and respect for the natural world.
Overall, this poem celebrates the beauty of the monsoon in the mountains, highlighting its power to refresh both nature and the human soul.
Chapter 5: वीरेन डंगवाल – तोप
The poem "तोप" by Viren Dangwal symbolically critiques power, authority, and oppression. Using the metaphor of a cannon (तोप), the poet highlights how symbols of war and power often become meaningless over time.
The poem describes an old, rusted cannon that once represented strength and dominance but now lies useless and forgotten. Through this imagery, Dangwal questions the true worth of force and violence. He suggests that power gained through fear and aggression is temporary, and real strength lies in the voice of the people, justice, and progress.
At a deeper level, the poem can be seen as a criticism of oppressive systems, where rulers and governments rely on military power rather than understanding and fairness. The poet reminds us that history moves forward, and people’s struggles for justice outlast weapons and war machines.
Overall, "तोप" is a powerful poem that challenges blind respect for authority and urges people to focus on truth, humanity, and real progress instead of symbols of violence and oppression.
Chapter 6: कैफ़ी आज़मी – कर चले हम फ़िदा
The poem "कर चले हम फ़िदा" by Kaifi Azmi is a patriotic poem that expresses deep love and sacrifice for the nation. It reflects the spirit of bravery, selflessness, and devotion of soldiers who willingly lay down their lives to protect their country.
In this poem, the poet speaks from the perspective of soldiers who are ready to sacrifice everything for the freedom and safety of their homeland. They proudly say that they are leaving behind a free nation for future generations. The poem inspires a sense of duty and responsibility, reminding people that they must honour the sacrifices of the martyrs by upholding unity and integrity.
Kaifi Azmi’s words are filled with emotion and determination, encouraging every citizen to contribute to the progress of the country. The poem also highlights that true patriotism is not just about fighting wars but about protecting peace, justice, and national pride.
Overall, "कर चले हम फ़िदा" is a deeply moving tribute to the sacrifices of soldiers and a call for citizens to remain dedicated to their nation.
Chapter 7: रवींद्रनाथ ठाकुर – आत्मत्राण
The poem "आत्मत्राण" by Rabindranath Tagore is a powerful plea for inner strength, truth, and courage in the face of fear and injustice. The poet urges the Almighty to grant him the ability to stand firm against oppression and falsehood rather than seeking escape or shelter from hardships.
Tagore prays that he should never turn away from struggles or compromise on righteousness. Instead of asking for protection, he seeks the strength to fight against wrongdoings, help the weak, and face challenges with confidence. He emphasises the importance of self-reliance, moral integrity, and justice, inspiring people to be fearless in their pursuit of truth.
The poem reflects Tagore’s deep humanism and patriotic spirit, encouraging individuals to rise above selfishness and serve humanity. It teaches that true freedom is not just physical but also mental and spiritual, achieved by overcoming fear and standing for what is right.
Overall, "आत्मत्राण" is a deeply inspiring poem that motivates people to develop inner courage, stand against injustice, and live with dignity and truth.
Chapter 8: प्रेमचंद – बडे भाई साहब
The short story "बड़े भाई साहब" by Munshi Premchand is a humorous yet touching tale that explores the relationship between two brothers with contrasting personalities. Through this story, Premchand beautifully portrays the themes of education, discipline, experience, and sibling bonding.
The narrator, a younger brother, is playful, carefree, and quick in his studies. His elder brother, on the other hand, is serious, strict, and believes in hard work rather than intelligence alone. Despite studying hard, the elder brother struggles with exams, while the younger one, despite studying less, passes with ease.
The elder brother constantly advises and warns his younger sibling about the importance of hard work, discipline, and avoiding distractions. However, his failures make his advice seem ironic and amusing. Despite this, the younger brother deeply respects and admires him, realising that his elder sibling’s strictness comes from love and responsibility.
Through light humour and emotional depth, Premchand highlights that experience and wisdom are just as important as academic success. The story also beautifully captures the bond of love, care, and unspoken understanding between siblings.
Overall, "बड़े भाई साहब" is a heartwarming story that teaches the value of patience, experience, and sibling relationships in a simple yet meaningful way.
Chapter 9: सीताराम सेकसरिया – डायरी का एक पन्ना
The chapter "डायरी का एक पन्ना" by Sitaram Seksaria is a reflective and emotional piece written in the form of a diary entry. It provides a glimpse into the thoughts, feelings, and experiences of the writer during a significant time in history, making it deeply personal yet universally relatable.
In this diary entry, the writer describes an important event, possibly related to freedom, struggle, or personal conflict, capturing the emotions of fear, hope, determination, and introspection. The narrative is simple yet powerful, making the reader feel connected to the writer’s experiences.
The text highlights themes of self-reflection, historical awareness, and personal growth. It shows how a simple diary can preserve emotions and thoughts, allowing future generations to understand the struggles and aspirations of the past.
Overall, "डायरी का एक पन्ना" beautifully captures a moment in time, offering deep insights into the emotions and challenges faced by the writer, making it a valuable piece of literature.
Chapter 10: तताँरा वामीरो कथा - लीलाधर मंदोलिया
The story "तताँरा वामीरो कथा" by Leeladhar Mandloiya is a folk tale from the Sundarbans region, filled with love, sacrifice, and tragedy. It narrates the touching story of Tatara and Vamiro, two lovers whose love faces immense challenges due to societal norms and misunderstandings.
Tatara, a brave and kind-hearted young man, falls in love with Vamiro, a beautiful and intelligent girl. Their love is pure, but society does not accept their relationship due to differences in their backgrounds. As a result, conflicts arise, leading to tragic circumstances that separate them.
The story highlights themes of love versus societal barriers, human emotions, and destiny. It also reflects on how misunderstandings and rigid traditions can destroy even the most beautiful relationships.
Despite its tragic ending, the tale remains immortal in the hearts of the people, symbolising eternal love and sacrifice. It is believed that the landscape of the Sundarbans itself carries their memory, making their story a part of history and folklore.
Overall, "तताँरा वामीरो कथा" is a deeply emotional and meaningful folk tale that teaches the power of love, the pain of separation, and the impact of society on personal relationships.
Chapter 11: प्रह्लाद अग्रवाल – तीसरी कसम के शिल्पकार शैलेंद्र
The essay "तीसरी कसम के शिल्पकार शैलेंद्र" by Prahlad Agrawal is a tribute to the legendary lyricist and poet Shailendra, focusing on his journey as a songwriter and his dedication to Indian cinema. It particularly highlights his immense contribution to the classic film "तीसरी कसम", which was based on Phanishwar Nath Renu’s story.
Shailendra, known for his simple yet powerful lyrics, was deeply connected to the struggles of the common man. Despite achieving great success in the film industry, he remained grounded and used his words to reflect human emotions, social issues, and real-life struggles.
The essay describes how Shailendra, driven by passion, invested his heart, soul, and even his financial resources into making "तीसरी कसम". However, despite its artistic brilliance, the film did not achieve commercial success at the time, leading to his emotional and financial downfall. This struggle deeply affected his health and ultimately contributed to his untimely demise.
Through this essay, the author not only honours Shailendra’s exceptional talent and dedication but also sheds light on the harsh realities of the film industry, where true artists often face immense challenges.
Overall, "तीसरी कसम के शिल्पकार शैलेंद्र" is an insightful and emotional tribute to a great lyricist, reminding us of the sacrifices artists make to bring meaningful stories to life.
Chapter 12: निदा फाजली – अब कहाँ दूसरे के दुख से दुखी होने वाले
The poem "अब कहाँ दूसरे के दुख से दुखी होने वाले" by Nida Fazli reflects on the changing nature of human relationships and emotions in modern society. The poet expresses sorrow over the decline of empathy, kindness, and human connection in today’s world.
In earlier times, people cared deeply for each other’s happiness and sorrows, but now, selfishness and indifference have taken over. The poet laments that compassion and selflessness, which once defined human interactions, are fading away. He questions how society has become so disconnected that people no longer feel the pain of others.
Through simple yet impactful words, Fazli urges people to reflect on their behaviour and rekindle the lost values of love, understanding, and humanity. He reminds us that true happiness comes not from personal success alone but from sharing joy and sorrow with others.
Overall, this poem serves as a wake-up call, encouraging people to bring back warmth, compassion, and a sense of togetherness in an increasingly self-centred world.
Chapter 13: रवीन्द्र केलेकर – पतझर में टूटी पत्तियाँ
The essay "पतझर में टूटी पत्तियाँ" by Ravindra Kelekar is a deeply reflective and philosophical piece that draws a parallel between falling leaves in autumn and the journey of life. The author uses the metaphor of dried, fallen leaves to symbolise change, impermanence, and the passage of time.
In this essay, the writer beautifully describes how leaves, once green and full of life, eventually dry up and fall. Similarly, human life goes through different phases—youth, maturity, and old age—before eventually fading away. However, just as the fallen leaves enrich the soil and prepare the way for new growth, human experiences and wisdom contribute to the future generations.
The author encourages readers to accept change and impermanence as natural truths rather than resisting them. He reflects on the beauty hidden in endings, showing that every fall leads to a new beginning.
Overall, "पतझर में टूटी पत्तियाँ" is a thought-provoking essay that teaches us to embrace the cycle of life with wisdom, patience, and acceptance.
Chapter 14: हबीब तनवीर — कारतूस
The story "कारतूस" by Habib Tanvir is a powerful tale set during the British colonial period, highlighting themes of bravery, sacrifice, and patriotism. It revolves around a young Indian boy and a British officer, showcasing their contrasting perspectives on war and freedom.
The story follows a British officer who is on a mission to suppress Indian rebels. During his journey, he comes across a young Indian boy who appears innocent but is deeply connected to the freedom struggle. The boy cleverly tricks the officer, leading to an unexpected twist that symbolises the courage and resilience of Indians fighting for their independence.
Through sharp storytelling and realistic dialogue, the narrative brings out the emotions of fear, bravery, and resistance. The boy represents the spirit of patriotism, showing that even children were willing to sacrifice everything for their country’s freedom.
Overall, "कारतूस" is a gripping and thought-provoking story that reflects the indomitable spirit of India’s freedom fighters and their unwavering determination against oppression.
Sanchayan: The Sanchayan textbook acts as an additional reader highlighting short stories with valuable moral teachings. It includes stories such as:
Chapter 1: हरिहर काका मिथिलेश्वर
The story "हरिहर काका" by Mithileshwar is a realistic and emotional tale that highlights the struggles of an elderly man caught between family greed and societal pressure. It sheds light on themes of loneliness, exploitation, and the harsh reality of human selfishness.
Plot Summary:
The story revolves around हरिहर काका, an old, unmarried man who owns a large piece of land. His family members, instead of caring for him, are only interested in his property. They try various means—emotional manipulation, flattery, and even cruelty—to make him transfer his wealth to them.
At the same time, the village priest and religious leaders also try to take advantage of his situation, urging him to donate his land to the temple. Trapped between these selfish motives, Harihar Kaka realises that no one truly cares for him, and he struggles to protect his rights and dignity.
Themes:
Greed and Materialism: The story exposes how people prioritize wealth over relationships.
Loneliness and Betrayal: Harihar Kaka's isolation reflects the neglect of the elderly in society.
Power and Manipulation: Both family and religious institutions try to exploit his helplessness.
In the end, the story leaves the reader with a thought-provoking message about human nature and the value of true relationships over material possessions.
Chapter 2: सपनों के से दिन गुरदयाल सिंह
The story "सपनों के से दिन" by Gurdial Singh is a nostalgic and emotional narrative that explores the innocence of childhood, the passage of time, and the harsh realities of growing up. The story beautifully captures the transition from carefree childhood to the responsibilities of adulthood, highlighting how dreams and realities often clash.
Plot Summary:
The story follows the narrator's childhood experiences, filled with dreams, aspirations, and innocent joys. He recalls how, as a child, he was full of enthusiasm and hope, believing in the magic of life. However, as he grows up, he slowly realises that life is not as simple and beautiful as it once seemed.
The transition from childhood to adulthood brings struggles, disappointments, and compromises. The narrator reflects on how society, responsibilities, and practical needs change a person's dreams over time. The freedom and happiness of childhood are lost, replaced by the harshness of the real world.
Themes:
Overall, "सपनों के से दिन" is a touching and thought-provoking story that reminds us of the beauty of childhood and the unavoidable realities of adulthood.
Chapter 3: टोपी शुक्ला राही मासूम रज़ा
The novel "टोपी शुक्ला" by Rahi Masoom Raza is a powerful and thought-provoking story that explores themes of communal harmony, identity, and societal hypocrisy. Through the character of Topi Shukla, the novel questions the rigid divisions created by religion, caste, and prejudice in Indian society.
Plot Summary:
Topi Shukla, the protagonist, is an intelligent, rebellious, and outspoken young man who struggles to fit into the narrow-minded world around him. He grew up in a society where people judge each other based on religion rather than humanity. His friend, Iffan, belongs to a Muslim family, and their friendship faces obstacles due to communal biases.
As Topi grows up, he realises how people use religion and traditions for their benefit, often ignoring true human values. He refuses to blindly accept societal norms and questions the double standards and discrimination present in daily life. However, his honesty and questioning nature make him an outsider in his world.
Themes:
"टोपी शुक्ला" is a bold and realistic novel that challenges the reader to think about the divisions in society and the importance of seeing people as humans first, beyond religion and caste.
In 10th grade, Studying Hindi in the CBSE is of great importance. Compared to the other lessons, this one is better, especially for Hindi. The Hindi textbooks used in CBSE Class 10 are comparable to the building blocks that enable us to comprehend Hindi literature. It is crucial at this stage to comprehend the fundamentals of Hindi Grammar and Sahitya to do well in Hindi exams.
The CBSE curriculum recommends using NCERT-published books such as Sanchaya and Sparsh. These books additionally help learners get high grades but also set them up for success when they study Hindi literature and language. Students ought to strive to complete their curriculum on time to achieve well. After that, to better learn everything, students should carefully read through each chapter.
Effective preparation for the CBSE Class 10 Hindi B exam requires strategic planning and consistent effort. Here are some essential tips to help you excel:
Time Management and Planning
Self-Assessment
Focus on NCERT Textbooks
The NCERT Class 10 Hindi B textbook forms the foundation of the syllabus. Since most exam questions are directly based on NCERT content, thoroughly studying these books ensures a strong grasp of key concepts rather than relying solely on rote learning.
Revision Strategy
The CBSE Class 10 Hindi B Syllabus 2025-26 is designed to enhance language proficiency and deepen students' appreciation of Hindi literature. A balanced approach to reading comprehension, writing, grammar, and literature not only boosts exam performance but also strengthens communication skills for life.
By following a structured study plan, practising consistently, and revising regularly, students can approach their Hindi exam with confidence and achieve excellent results.
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