Find out more about the changes in print technology in the last 100 years. Write about the changes, explaining why they have taken place, what their consequences have been.

Explain how print culture assisted the growth of nationalism in India.

Discuss. What were the effects of the spread of print culture for poor people in nineteenth century India?

Discuss. Why did some people fear the effect of easily available printed books? Choose one example from Europe and one from India.

Discuss. Why did some people in eighteenth century Europe think that print culture would bring enlightenment and end despotism?

Write in Brief. What did the spread of print culture in nineteenth-century India mean to: (A) Women (B) The poor (C) Reformers?

Write in Brief. Write short notes to show what you know about: a. The Gutenberg Press b. Erasmus’s idea of the printed book c. The Vernacular Press Act.

Write in Brief. Give reasons for the following: (A)Woodblock print only came to Europe after 1295. (B)Martin Luther was in favor of print and spoke out in praise of it. (C)The Roman Catholic Church began keeping an Index of Prohibited books from the mid-sixteenth century.

Activity-5. Look at Figs. 22, 23 and 24 carefully. What comment are the artists making on the social changes taking place in society? What changes in society were taking place to provoke this reaction? Do you agree with the artist’s view?

Activity-4. Look at Fig. 15. What impact do such advertisements have on the public mind? Do you think everyone reacts to printed material in the same way?

Discuss-2. Why do some historians think that print culture created the basis for the French Revolution?

Activity-3. Imagine that you are a cartoonist in France before the revolution. Design a cartoon as it would have appeared in a pamphlet.

Discuss-1. Write briefly why some people feared that the development of print could lead to the growth of dissenting ideas

Activity-1. Imagine that you are Marco Polo. Write a letter from China to describe the world of print which you have seen there.