(i) The reasons for low level of women participation in politics are :

• Women’s literacy rate is very low. Even if some are educated, they are not politically motivated.
• Society thinks that politics is not the profession of women.
• Political parties are also not giving tickets to women candidates to fight elections in proportion to their population.

(ii)No, neither America’s nor Europe has achieved a satisfactory level of women’s representation. Because in America there are only 29.5 percent and in Europe only 26.4 percent women in the national parliament. These percentages are not proportional to their population in the respective countries.