How would you separate the mixtures provided in the given table?

Question

How would you separate the mixtures provided in the given table? Mention the reason for choosing your method. If a mixture cannot be separated, explain why. MixtureMethod of SeparationReason for SelectionMud from muddy waterPlasma from other components in the blood sampleNaphthalene and sandChalk powder and common saltCommon salt and waterOil from waterPigments of the flower

Educart · Accepted Answer

The mixtures can be separated using different techniques based on the physical properties of their components, such as solubility, density, particle size, and sublimation behaviour. MixtureMethod of SeparationReason for SelectionMud from muddy waterFiltrationMud is insoluble in water. Therefore, muddy water can be separated by filtration, where mud remains as a residue on the filter paper and clean water passes through as the filtrate.Plasma from other components in the blood sampleCentrifugationOn rapid spinning during centrifugation, the heavier blood components settle at the bottom, while the lighter plasma remains as the upper layer.Naphthalene and sandSublimationNaphthalene sublimes on heating, while sand does not.Chalk powder and common saltDissolution in water, filtration and evaporationCommon salt dissolves in water, but chalk powder is insoluble. Chalk is removed by filtration, and salt is recovered by evaporation.Common salt and waterEvaporation/ crystallisationWater evaporates on heating, leaving behind common salt crystals.Oil from waterBy using a separating funnelOil and water are immiscible liquids of different densities, so they form two distinctly visible layers.Pigments of the flowerPaper chromatographyDifferent pigments move at different rates on the paper due to differences in solubility and adsorption, so they separate into distinct spots.

Mixture	Method of Separation	Reason for Selection
Mud from muddy water
Plasma from other components in the blood sample
Naphthalene and sand
Chalk powder and common salt
Common salt and water
Oil from water
Pigments of the flower

Mixture	Method of Separation	Reason for Selection
Mud from muddy water	Filtration	Mud is insoluble in water. Therefore, muddy water can be separated by filtration, where mud remains as a residue on the filter paper and clean water passes through as the filtrate.
Plasma from other components in the blood sample	Centrifugation	On rapid spinning during centrifugation, the heavier blood components settle at the bottom, while the lighter plasma remains as the upper layer.
Naphthalene and sand	Sublimation	Naphthalene sublimes on heating, while sand does not.
Chalk powder and common salt	Dissolution in water, filtration and evaporation	Common salt dissolves in water, but chalk powder is insoluble. Chalk is removed by filtration, and salt is recovered by evaporation.
Common salt and water	Evaporation/ crystallisation	Water evaporates on heating, leaving behind common salt crystals.
Oil from water	By using a separating funnel	Oil and water are immiscible liquids of different densities, so they form two distinctly visible layers.
Pigments of the flower	Paper chromatography	Different pigments move at different rates on the paper due to differences in solubility and adsorption, so they separate into distinct spots.

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