Examine the fig. given below:
(A) Identify the separation technique marked as 'S'.
(B) Label the apparatus A, B and C.
(C) Which of the following mixtures can be separated by the technique identified in the given figure? Use the data given in the table.
Mixtures:
(i) water — acetone
(ii) water — salt
(iii) acetone — alcohol
(iv) sand — salt
(v) alcohol — chloroform
(vi) alcohol — benzene
Table: Boiling points of some compounds
| Solvent | Temperature (°C) |
|---|---|
| Water | 100 °C |
| Acetone | 56 °C |
| Alcohol | 78 °C |
| Chloroform | 61 °C |
| Benzene | 80 °C |
| Solvent | Temperature (°C) |
|---|---|
| Water | 100 °C |
| Acetone | 56 °C |
| Alcohol | 78 °C |
| Chloroform | 61 °C |
| Benzene | 80 °C |
(A) The separation technique marked as 'S' is distillation.
(B) A — Distillation flask
B — Water condenser
C — Conical flask
(C) Distillation is used to separate two miscible liquids whose boiling points differ by at least 25 °C. It can also be used to separate a liquid from a solution of a non-volatile solid solute. On checking each mixture, the mixtures that can be separated by distillation are (i) water — acetone and (ii) water — salt.
