Discuss how human activities increase the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. What would you do as an individual to reduce the emission of greenhouse gas? [Pg. No. 266]

Human activities increase the concentration of greenhouse gases (such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and chlorofluorocarbons) in the atmosphere. Burning of fossil fuels like coal, petrol, and diesel in vehicles, industries, and power plants releases large amounts of carbon dioxide. Deforestation increases $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ because fewer trees remain to absorb it during photosynthesis. Agricultural activities, cattle rearing, paddy fields, and landfills release methane, while excessive use of nitrogen fertilisers releases nitrous oxide. Refrigerators, air conditioners, and some industrial processes may also release harmful synthetic gases.
As an individual, I would reduce greenhouse gas emissions by using public transport, cycling, or walking for short distances, saving electricity, switching off lights and fans when not needed, using energy-efficient appliances, reducing waste, reusing and recycling materials, avoiding food wastage, planting and protecting trees, and supporting clean sources of energy. These small actions can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and slow down global warming.